Programming in system-level languages (e.g., C, C++, Go, Rust)
Software interfacing with hardware (microcontrollers like Arduino, STM32, or similar)
Using version control tools such as Git
Problem-solving and analytical thinking
Effective communication and time-management
Understanding electrical theory (Ohm's law, AC/DC circuits)
Using lab instruments (oscilloscopes, multimeters, power supplies)
Working with hardware communication protocols (CAN, SPI, I²C)
Scripting or automation with Python, Bash